Investigating Preconditions for Sustainable Renewable Energy Product–Service Systems in Retail Electricity Markets

Energy transitions are complex and involve interrelated changes in the socio-technical dimensions of society. One major barrier to renewable energy is lock-in from incumbent regime. This study evaluates Product–Service Systems (EPSS) as a market mechanism. EPSS offer electricity service performance instead products appliances for household consumers. Through consumers buying service, provider company enabled choose, manage control electrical best-matched delivery. Given heterogenous players future uncertainties, this aims identify necessary conditions achieve sustainable market. Simulation-Based Design framework implemented assess various hypothetical conditions’ impact on efficiency short term long term. The results reveal specific characteristics that have higher chance causing unexpected results. Ultimately, paper demonstrates advantage implementing design retail markets under competing mechanisms with economic agents.